Using data on social and economic rights cases in five countries, the authors estimate the potential distributive impact of litigation by examining whether the poor are over or under-represented among the beneficiaries of litigation, relative to their share of the population. They find that the impact of courts varies considerably across the cases, but is positive and pro-poor in two of the five countries (India and South Africa), distribution-neutral in two others (Indonesia and Brazil), and sharply anti-poor in Nigeria. Overall, the results of litigation are much more positive for the poor than conventional wisdom would suggest.

This paper is a product of the Human Development and Public Services Team, Development Research Group. It is part of a larger effort by the World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://econ.worldbank.org.

Download The Law’s Majestic Equality? (PDF 979Kb)

For the time being and until further notice, LCDF focuses on two areas of work:

• (a) non-timber forest products (NTFPs), and
• (b) pastoral activities.

NTFPs are by far the most dominant in the South West region. These products also happen to be part of the family of food products Chede currently processes and markets locally and externally (e.g. Gnetum/eru, palm wine, honey, or snails). Accordingly, Chede is expected to add precious industrial and marketing experience and value to its partnership with LCDF in building the capacities of partners concerned one way or another with NFTPs in the South West region of Cameroon.

Moreover, Chede and LCDF also share, coincidentally, the same holistic value-chain approach in supporting the development of stakeholder capacities, extending from research/seeds/production stages to processing and marketing – a chain that involves over 10 different professional stages of intermediation. As can be seen, therefore, Chede not only shares with LCDF the same village-oriented development approach but also the span of focus on developing capacities across the full spectrum of each product’s commercial lifespan.

Not surprisingly, therefore, LCDF has set forth Terms of Reference (ToR) for its RFPs which are by and large similar to the job descriptions of Chede’s Field Managers, such as in Muambong, Bangem, and Kumba more recently.

Coffee farmers in Kupe Muanenguba in the South West region of Cameroon have adopted, with spontaneous enthusiasm, this radically innovative technology of processing coffee beans using a wet mill or washing station, as opposed to the traditional sun-drying process used since the start of coffee farming in the region close to 100 years ago.

For farmers usually averse to major innovations within their livelihood environments, the Muambong results achieved so far of the national pilot project on fully washed coffee should nevertheless be surprising. One reason for this unfolding success is that Chede, as proxy executing agency for the project in the South West region, enjoys unalloyed credibility within the farming community hosting the washed coffee pilot project in Kupe Muanenguba by virtue of its track record in the management of coffee campaigns and honest marketing and payment of farmers’ produce. The second reason concerns the capacity-building and awareness-raising campaigns Chede has organized to date in the pilot zone on the washed coffee project and its potential benefits to coffee farmers, including quality premiums. The third reason has to do with the quality differences the farmers themselves have observed between washed coffee, on the one hand, and sun-dried coffee, on the other. The coffee cupping workshop organized in Muambong last year by Café Africa International, one of the executing agencies of the pilot project, served to confirm those quality differences to coffee producers within the Chede village cooperative network.

Lessons deriving so far from the current campaign suggest the need for a more robust type of wet mill. The type currently installed in Muambong is somewhat fragile and of low capacity – less than 800 kg per hour, compared to a more desirable capacity of about 3 tonnes per hour. Furthermore, the new wet processing technology appears to be labour-harvest intensive because it requires that only fully ripe cherry should be plucked from coffee trees, meaning almost daily harvests, as opposed to the traditional method of harvesting both red and green cherry once or twice during the entire coffee season. In general, farmers seem to appreciate the merits of the new technology and processes, particularly with respect to the inconveniences avoided from having to dry their coffee and waiting for a month or more to receive cash for their produce compared to receiving cash upon delivery of their fresh cherry.

The overall conclusion at this stage is that the national pilot project on fully washed coffee in Cameroon is very successful so far at its Muambong Centre in the South West region. This unfolding success would justify plans for an extension phase managed by Chede and covering the entire South West region and appropriate neighbouring sites in the Moungo Division.

Download: Le rôle de la France et des français dans la politique européenne de coopération au développement

Download: The EU Aid Effectiveness Agenda

Download: Challenges for Africa-EU relations in 2012

Download The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2010 (PDF – 5.6Mb)

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
Rome, 2010

The Institutional Knowledge Sharing (KS) Project of this Program together with its CGIAR Center partners has been experimenting with a range of KS tools and methods over the past five years and has recently been assembling these and many others into a toolkit (http://kstoolkit.wikis.cgiar.org).

Read the full article : Tools and Methods for Sharing Knowledge: The CGIAR’s Wiki Approach (PDF – 1.1Mb)